Metadata

Support
Four copper plates; h. 6.35 ×  w. 17,78 ×  d. unavailable cm.
Text
Sanskrit language, Southern Brāhmī script. h. unavailable ×  w. unavailable cm.
Date
First regnal year of the king Skandavarman of the Śālaṅkāyana dynasty, attributable to the 5th century.
Origin
Kānukollu, Guḍivāḍa taluk, Krishna district.
Provenance
Discovered at Kānukollu. The precise date of discovery is unknown. Not identified during fieldwork from February 2016 onward.
Visual Documentation
Photo(s) of estampage(s):
  • Chhabra et al. 1949, pl. XIX-XX
  • Krishna Rao 1955-56
    • Editors
    Emmanuel Francis and Arlo Griffiths.
    Publication history
    First edited by Krishna Rao 1955-56: 7-10 . Re-edited here from Krishna Rao’s facsimiles.

    Edition

    1b 1 (1) svasti vijayaveṅgyyā °anekasamaramukhavikhyātakarmmaṇaḥ (2) mahārājaśrīhastivarmmaṇaḥ ◊ prapautrasya (3) svapratāpā[pa]nītāhitavarmmaṇaḥ mahārājaśrīnandiva(4)rmmaṇaḥ pautrasya caturudadhitaraṅgāliṅgita(5) 2a 2 yaśaso mahārājaśrīhastivarmmaṇaḥ putrasya (6) bhagavacc[i]trarathasvāmipādānudyātasya (7) bappabhaṭṭārakapādabhaktasya [śāla]ṅkāyanasya (8) mahārājaśrīskandavarmmaṇo vacanena kudr⟨ā⟩hāra(9) 2b 3 kompare ◊ grāmeyakā ◊ vaktavyā ◊ °asti °asmābhir asma(10)tkulayaśaḥśrī[v]i[ja]yakalyāṇābhivr̥ddhaye (11) °eṣa grāmaḥ rathakāravastavyāya cātuḥrvvaidyāya 3a 4 (12) sarvvaparīhāreṇa brahmadeyaṁ kr̥tvā dattaḥ (13) tad avagamya pūrvvamaryyādayā sādhu preṣa(14)ṇaṁ karttavyam api ca sarvvaniyoganiyuktāyuktakāś ca 3b 5 (15) [ta]ṁ [gr]ā[ma]ṁ pariharantu prava[r]ddhamānaśrīvijaya(16)rājyasaṁvatsare prathame kārttikamāsa(17) [śu]klapakṣapratipadi dattā paṭṭik[ā]
    IAnuṣṭubh
    a 4a 6 (18) bahubhir bahudhā dattā ◊ b vasudhā vasudhādhipaiḥ
    c (19) yasya yasya yadā bhūmiḥ d tasya tasya tadā phalam· –
    plate 1b 1
    (1) svasti vijayaveṅgyyā °anekasamaramukhavikhyātakarmmaṇaḥ
    (2) mahārājaśrīhastivarmmaṇaḥ ◊ prapautrasya
    (3) svapratāpā[pa]nītāhitavarmmaṇaḥ mahārājaśrīnandiva-
    (4)rmmaṇaḥ pautrasya caturudadhitaraṅgāliṅgita-
    (5) plate 2a 2 yaśaso mahārājaśrīhastivarmmaṇaḥ putrasya
    (6) bhagavacc[i]trarathasvāmipādānudyātasya
    (7) bappabhaṭṭārakapādabhaktasya [śāla]ṅkāyanasya
    (8) mahārājaśrīskandavarmmaṇo vacanena kudr⟨ā⟩hāra-
    (9) plate 2b 3 kompare ◊ grāmeyakā ◊ vaktavyā ◊ °asti °asmābhir asma-
    (10)tkulayaśaḥśrī[v]i[ja]yakalyāṇābhivr̥ddhaye
    (11) °eṣa grāmaḥ rathakāravastavyāya cātuḥrvvaidyāya plate 3a 4
    (12) sarvvaparīhāreṇa brahmadeyaṁ kr̥tvā dattaḥ
    (13) tad avagamya pūrvvamaryyādayā sādhu preṣa-
    (14)ṇaṁ karttavyam api ca sarvvaniyoganiyuktāyuktakāś ca plate 3b 5
    (15) [ta]ṁ [gr]ā[ma]ṁ pariharantu prava[r]ddhamānaśrīvijaya-
    (16)rājyasaṁvatsare prathame kārttikamāsa-
    (17) [śu]klapakṣapratipadi dattā paṭṭik[ā]     plate 4a 6
    (18) bahubhir bahudhā dattā ◊     vasudhā vasudhādhipaiḥ
    (19) yasya yasya yadā bhūmiḥ     tasya tasya tadā phalam· – 
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					          <pb type="plate" n="1b"/>
					          <fw type="pageNum" place="marginleft">
                  <num value="1">1</num>
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					          <lb n="1"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5480">svasti</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5481">vijayaveṅgyyā</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5482">°anekasamaramukhavikhyātakarmmaṇaḥ</w>
					          <lb n="2"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5482bis">mahārājaśrīhastivarmmaṇaḥ</w>
					          <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="chars"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5483">prapautrasya</w>
					          <lb n="3"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5484">svapratāpā<unclear>pa</unclear>nītāhitavarmmaṇaḥ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5485">mahārājaśrīnandiva<lb n="4" break="no"/>rmmaṇaḥ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5486">pautrasya</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5487">caturudadhitaraṅgāliṅgita<lb n="5" break="no"/>
                  <pb type="plate" n="2a"/>
                  <fw type="pageNum" place="marginleft">
                     <num value="2">2</num>
                  </fw>yaśaso</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5488">mahārājaśrīhastivarmmaṇaḥ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5489">putrasya</w>
					          <lb n="6"/>
               <w xml:id="tok5490">bhagavacc<unclear>i</unclear>trarathasvāmipādānudyātasya</w>
					          <lb n="7"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5491">bappabhaṭṭārakapādabhaktasya</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5492">
                  <unclear>śāla</unclear>ṅkāyanasya</w>
					          <lb n="8"/>
               <w xml:id="tok5493">mahārājaśrīskandavarmmaṇo</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5494">vacanena</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5495">kudr<supplied reason="omitted">ā</supplied>hāra<lb n="9" break="no"/>
                  <pb type="plate" n="2b"/>
                  <fw type="pageNum" place="marginleft">
                     <num value="3">3</num>
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					          <w xml:id="tok5496">grāmeyakā</w>
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					          <w xml:id="tok5497">vaktavyā</w>
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					          <w xml:id="tok5498">°asti</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5499">°asmābhir</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5500">asma<lb n="10" break="no"/>tkulayaśaḥśrī<unclear>v</unclear>i<unclear>ja</unclear>yakalyāṇābhivr̥ddhaye</w>
					          <lb n="11"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5501">°eṣa</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5502">grāmaḥ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5503">rathakāravastavyāya</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5504">cātuḥrvvaidyāya</w>
					          <pb type="plate" n="3a"/>
               <fw type="pageNum" place="marginleft">
                  <num value="4">4</num>
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					          <lb n="12"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5505">sarvvaparīhāreṇa</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5506">brahmadeyaṁ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5507">kr̥tvā</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5508">dattaḥ</w>
					          <lb n="13"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5509">tad</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5510">avagamya</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5511">pūrvvamaryyādayā</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5512">sādhu</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5513">preṣa<lb n="14" break="no"/>ṇaṁ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5514">karttavyam</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5515">api</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5516">ca</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5517">sarvvaniyoganiyuktāyuktakāś</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5518">ca</w>
					          <pb type="plate" n="3b"/>
               <fw type="pageNum" place="marginleft">
                  <num value="5">5</num>
               </fw>
					          <lb n="15"/>
					          <w xml:id="tok5519">
                  <unclear>ta</unclear>ṁ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5520">
                  <unclear>gr</unclear>ā<unclear>ma</unclear>ṁ</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5521">pariharantu</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5522">prava<unclear>r</unclear>ddhamānaśrīvijaya<lb n="16" break="no"/>rājyasaṁvatsare</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5523">prathame</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5524">kārttikamāsa<lb n="17" break="no"/>
                  <unclear>śu</unclear>klapakṣapratipadi</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5525">dattā</w>
					          <w xml:id="tok5526">paṭṭik<unclear>ā</unclear>
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				        </ab>
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					          <l xml:id="seq2532" n="a">
						            <pb type="plate" n="4a"/>
                  <fw type="pageNum" place="marginleft">
                     <num value="6">6</num>
                  </fw>
						            <lb n="18"/>
						            <w xml:id="tok5527">bahubhir</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5528">bahudhā</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5529">dattā</w>
						            <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="chars"/>
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					          <l xml:id="seq2533" n="b">
						            <w xml:id="tok5530">vasudhā</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5531">vasudhādhipaiḥ</w>
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					          <l xml:id="seq2534" n="c">
						            <lb n="19"/>
						            <w xml:id="tok5532">yasya</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5533">yasya</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5534">yadā</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5535">bhūmiḥ</w>
					          </l>
					          <l xml:id="seq2535" n="d">
						            <w xml:id="tok5536">tasya</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5537">tasya</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5538">tadā</w>
						            <w xml:id="tok5539">phalam·</w>
						            <pc>–</pc>
					          </l>
				        </lg>

    Apparatus

    • (6) -dyātasya Emend -dhyātasya, as proposed by Krishna Rao 1955-56: 9 .
    • (8) kudr⟨ā⟩hāra- kudrāhāra- BVKR . We do not see the expected ā-mātra.
    • (11) -vastavyāya If the reading is not simply -vāstavyāya, then emend thus, as proposed by Krishna Rao 1955-56: 9 .
    • (11) cātuḥrvvaidyāya Emend cāturvvaidyāya, as proposed by Krishna Rao 1955-56: 9 .
    • (12) -parīhāreṇa Emend -parihāreṇa, as proposed by Krishna Rao 1955-56: 9 .

    Translation

    (1–9)Hail! From the victorious [city of] Veṅgī, by the order of the great-grandson of the glorious great king Hastivarman, whose deeds at the forefront of many battles are celebrated; the grandson of the glorious great king Nandivarman, by whose own prowess the armor of enemies has been removed; the son of the glorious great king Hastivarman, whose fame has been embraced by the waves of the four oceans; the glorious great king Skandavarman, who is favored by the feet of the lord Citrarathasvāmin, devoted to the feet of his lord father, the Śālaṅkāyana — [by his order] the villagers of Kompara in the Kudrāhāra are to be addressed:
    (9–15)‘There is this village given by us to the Brahmin community of the four Vedas (cāturvaidya) residing in Rathakāra, for the increasing of the fame, prosperity, victory and welfare of our lineage, after having made it a brahmadeya with all exemptions. Having taken notice of that, proper service is to be done according to old custom and also all the officers appointed to tasks (or: the officers appointed to all tasks) are to exempt this village.’
    (15–17) In the first year of [his] prosperous, glorious and victorious reign, on the first day of the waxing fortnight of the month Kārttika, the charter has been given.
    I.

    By numerous kings, many times land has been given. Whoever holds land at a given moment, to him does the fruit then belong.

    Commentary

    • (plate 1) The number 1 in the margin takes the shape of a dextrorotatory spiral.
    • (8) On Kudrāhāra, see Sircar 1939: 42 .
    • (11) On cāturvaidya, as a singular collective designating a community of caturvedin Brahmins, see Sircar’s note to Krishna Rao’s translation and Schmiedchen 2007: 358 n. 12, 372.

    Secondary bibliography